History of Java
James Gosling initiated the Java
language project in June 1991 for use in one of his many set-top box projects James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the
Java language project in June 1991. originally designed for small, embedded
systems in electronic appliances like set-top boxes. initially called Oak and
was developed as a part of the Green project In 1995, Oak was renamed as
"Java". Java is just a name not an acronym. originally developed by
James Gosling at Sun Microsystems(which is now a subsidiary of Oracle
Corporation) and released in 1995.
There are many java versions that has been released.
1.
JDK Alpha and Beta
(1995)
2.
JDK 1.0 (23rd Jan, 1996)
3.
JDK 1.1 (19th Feb, 1997)
4.
J2SE 1.2 (8th Dec, 1998)
5.
J2SE 1.3 (8th May, 2000)
6.
J2SE 1.4 (6th Feb, 2002)
7.
J2SE 5.0 (30th Sep,
2004)
8.
Java SE 6 (11th Dec,
2006)
9.
Java SE 7 (28th July,
2011)
Tools
For performing java we will need a Pentium 200-MHz computer
with a minimum of 64 MB of RAM (128 MB of RAM recommended).
You also will need the following softwares:
- Linux
7.1 or Windows 95/98/2000/XP/7 operating system.
- Java
JDK 5
- Microsoft
Notepad or any other text editor
Features of Java
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Java is designed to be easy to learn. If
you understand the basic concept of OOP Java would be easy to master
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Object-oriented
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Object-oriented means
we organize our software as a combination of different types of objects that
incorporates both data and behaviour.
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Object-oriented
programming(OOPs) is a methodology that simplify software development and
maintenace by providing some rulues.
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Basic concepts of OOPs
are:
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1.
Object
2.
Class
3.
Inheritance
4.
Polymorphism
5.
Abstraction
6.
Encapsulation
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Platform Independent
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A platform is the
hardware or software environment in which a program runs. There are two types
of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java provides software-based
platform. The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense
that it's a software-based platform that runs on top of other hardware-based
platforms.It has two components:
1.
Runtime Environment
2.
API(Application
Programming Interface)
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Java code can be run
on multiple platforms e.g.Windows,Linux,Sun Solaris,Mac/OS etc. Java code is
compiled by the compiler and converted into bytecode.This bytecode is a
platform independent code because it can be run on multiple platforms i.e.
Write Once and Run Anywhere(WORA).
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Secure
With Java's secure feature it enables to develop virus-free,
tamper-free systems. Authentication techniques are based on public-key
encryption
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Robust simply means strong. Java uses strong memory management.
There are lack of pointers that avoids security problem. There is automatic
garbage collection in java. There is exception handling and type checking
mechanism in java. All these points makes java robust
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There is no implementation dependent features e.g. size of
primitive types is set.
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Being architectural-neutral and having no
implementation dependent aspects of the specification makes Java portable.
Compiler in Java is written in ANSI C with a clean portability boundary which
is a POSIX subset
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